• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for unpacking at least one produced by a generative manufacturing process component (2) from a particulate material from non-solidified particulate material (3), wherein the non-solidified particulate material (3) together with the at least one component (2) in a , in the vertical direction upwards and through an upper edge (6), as well as down through a bottom plate (4), and laterally by a conversion (5) limited, Baubox (1) is arranged, wherein the non-solidified particulate material (3) is fluidized and the at least one component (2) by means of a removal device (8) is removed from the Baubox (1), and wherein the non-solidified particulate material (3) in the Baubox (1) remains.
    公开号:AT520736A4
    申请号:T50024/2018
    申请日:2018-01-16
    公开日:2019-07-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Fill Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Summary
    The invention relates to a method for unpacking at least one component (2) produced by means of a generative manufacturing method from a bed of particulate material made of non-solidified particle material (3), the non-solidified particle material (3) together with the at least one component (2) in one , in the vertical direction opened upwards and by an upper edge (6), and downwards by a base plate (4) and laterally delimited by a wall (5), the building box (1) is arranged, the non-solidified particle material (3) is fluidized and the at least one component (2) is transported away from the building box (1) by means of a removal device (8), and the non-solidified particle material (3) remains in the building box (1).
    Fig. 2
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    The invention relates to a method for unpacking at least one component produced by means of a generative manufacturing method from a bed of particulate material made of non-solidified particulate material.
    The production of components using generative processes, such as 3D printing, rapid prototyping and their equivalents, has the reputation of being able to implement complex geometries and component properties that can be achieved with e.g. Casting or forming processes could not be produced. The generative build-up or printing process usually takes place within a production container, or also called a construction box, by layer-by-layer, local connection of a particle or powder material by means of an adhesion promoter and / or laser and / or a heat source and / or electron beam source. The resulting components are often lowered on a height-adjustable construction platform by one layer each and the non-solidified material portion of the particle material surrounds the resulting components. After the manufacturing process, the construction box is thus at least partially filled with solidified particle material, that is, the component, and non-solidified particle material. These additive manufacturing processes are well known to those skilled in the art.
    Following production, the components must be freed from the powder material or the particle material, for which a number of known methods are available to the person skilled in the art. The removal of the unconsolidated particle material is also called unpacking and can e.g. by suction, but this is associated with a very high workload. The blowing out of the non-solidified particle material often cannot be implemented due to the high level of dust generation.
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    In EP 3036088 B1 a method for unpacking is presented, the components with the non-solidified particle material being arranged on a component platform, and an auxiliary frame being used to hold the components and the non-solidified particle material from below and together with the auxiliary frame from to remove the building box. This is followed by unpacking via a particulate matter collecting device by draining the non-solidified particulate material downwards.
    Also in EP 1192040 B1, in order to remove the non-consolidated powdery material, the carrier or the building platform is raised upwards and the non-consolidated powder material in the area of the edge of the container or the building box mechanically, e.g. Brushing, or removed by suction or blowing away.
    As a rule, however, the known measures for unpacking are associated with high expenditure of time and / or personnel, since the building box is not available for production during the removal of the particle material. In addition, a considerable amount of space and / or additional devices may be required to free the building box from the components and the non-solidified particle material and to carry out the unpacking process at another location.
    The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a method by means of which a user is able to unpack at least one component in a relatively simple, quick and cost-effective manner. The method according to the invention can also be automated in a simple manner, which results in advantages in terms of time savings, cost efficiency, operator safety and / or component quality. Furthermore, the cleaning effort of the produced components can be reduced with the method according to the invention, and the quality of the component surfaces can be improved with regard to roughness.
    This object is achieved by a method according to the claims.
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    The invention relates to a method for unpacking at least one component produced by means of a generative manufacturing method from a bed of particulate material made of non-solidified particle material, the non-solidified particle material together with the at least one component in a vertical opening that is opened upwards and by an upper edge. as well as down through a base plate, and laterally delimited by a conversion, the building box, wherein the non-solidified particle material is fluidized and the at least one component is transported away from the building box by means of a removal device, and wherein the non-solidified particle material remains in the building box.
    A relatively simple and inexpensive solution is thus created in order to remove the at least one component from the construction box and at the same time to free it from unconsolidated particle material. The removal device can be designed to be rotatable and displaceable in the vertical direction and / or horizontal direction. In addition to hanging crane devices known to those skilled in the art, it is also conceivable to use floor-mounted or automated removal devices and in particular a removal robot. It is also conceivable that at least one vacuum device is used as the removal device, which preferably removes the at least one component from above by means of e.g. contacted a suction cup and thus transported away gently. The removal device is not connected to the building box and can therefore be removed from the building box during the manufacturing process.
    Likewise, the removal device can be designed to carry out movements, in particular periodic movements, in the vertical and / or horizontal direction or around a vertical and / or horizontal axis with the at least one component. The removal device is preferably designed such that the periodic movements can be non-directional, that is to say essentially by vibrating or shaking, and can be superimposed by a vertical and / or horizontal movement.
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    In addition, it can be provided that the at least one component, for cleaning and / or improving the surface quality of the component surface, is at least partially moved by means of the removal device within the non-solidified fluidized particle material before the removal.
    The movement of the at least one component thus takes place relative to the unconsolidated fluidized particle material that at least partially surrounds the component. The unconsolidated fluidized particle material exerts a force on the component surface during the movement of the at least one component. In connection with the abrasive effect of the unconsolidated fluidized particle material, any undesired particle material adhering to the component surface can be removed. In this way, cleaning of the component surface can be achieved and the detached particle material of the component surface remains within the construction box. A kind of grinding effect on the component surface can thus be achieved. As a result, the roughness of the component surface can be significantly reduced and any reworking of the at least one component can be reduced.
    It can also be provided that the movement of the at least one component arranged at least partially within the fluidized particle material is overlaid by a periodic undirected movement by means of the removal device.
    An undirected movement, such as a shaking or vibration movement within the fluidized particle material, of the component can increase the abrasion effect of the relative movement of the at least one component, which takes place at least partially within the surrounding, unconsolidated fluidized particle material.
    In addition, it can be provided that the at least one component for cleaning by means of the removal device is rotated about a horizontal axis by at least 90 ° before removal.
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    By rotating or tilting the at least one component by at least 90 °, any deposits of non-solidified particulate material that have formed in recesses and / or undercuts of the component during the manufacturing process can be removed efficiently from the component. The loose, unconsolidated particle material falls into the building box due to the rotational movement of the at least one component and is not lost as a result. Furthermore, any subsequent cleaning steps can be reduced.
    Furthermore, it can be expedient if the removal of the at least one component takes place by means of a removal device designed as a gripping device
    By using a gripping device, the at least one component can be contacted at least temporarily in a positive and / or non-positive manner and can be transported away from the building box in the vertical and / or horizontal direction. The removal of the at least one component can thus be accomplished in a relatively simple manner from above, but also from the side or even from below by means of the removal device. The removal device can accordingly be used to contact the at least one component inside or above the building box and thus to transport it out of or from the building box. In this way, a high degree of versatility in relation to the spatial conditions of the manufacturing facility is made possible and the use of an automated removal device is simplified.
    The method steps of cleaning the component surface, which are possible before the removal, and a rotation of the component about a horizontal axis can also be carried out particularly efficiently by means of the removal device designed as a gripping device.
    The fluidization of the non-solidified particle material can be carried out in various ways and facilitates the flow of the non-solidified particle material from the at least one component. In the context of this application, fluidization means the formation of a fluidized bed or fluidized bed of the non-solidified particle material, at least in the area around the at least one component, whereby
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 the contacting or gripping of the components is facilitated. Furthermore, the so-called bridging of non-solidified particulate material, which can occur due to local outflow of loose particulate material, is efficiently reduced by the fluidization. The non-solidified particle material can thus remain in the construction box after the at least one component has been unpacked and transported away.
    It can further be provided that the fluidization of the non-solidified particulate material takes place by blowing in or pressing in a fluid, preferably air.
    Gases or gas mixtures and preferably air are conceivable as the fluid, which, depending on the particle material used, can also be preheated or cooled. The inlet openings can be arranged penetrating the wall and / or the base plate of the building box. The number and arrangement of the inlet openings should be chosen by the person skilled in the art depending on the size of the construction box and / or the components to be manufactured.
    In addition, it can be provided that the fluid is conducted into the building box at at least one inlet opening, preferably from below.
    It has proven to be advantageous if the fluid is introduced laterally but also essentially from below into the building box in such a way that it at least partially flows through the non-solidified particle material upwards. A particularly good loosening of the non-solidified particle material can be achieved here, thereby promoting contact and removal of the at least one component. The fluid can also be blown in or pressed in, i.e. by e.g. a compressor is pressure-supported. The at least one inlet opening can be closed and / or designed as a check valve, as a result of which unintentional penetration of the non-solidified particulate material into the feed line can be prevented.
    Also advantageous is a configuration according to which it can be provided that the fluidization by introducing vibrations by means of at least one
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    Vibration generator takes place directly and / or indirectly in the non-solidified particle material.
    The non-solidified particle material can be set in vibration directly by means of at least one external vibration generator and / or the non-solidified particle material can be set in vibration indirectly in the building box. In the case of direct vibration initiation, at least one vibration transmitter is inserted into the non-consolidated particle material in the close range of 2 to 20 cm to the component. The external vibrator to be introduced can e.g. be rod, screw and / or tubular. The non-solidified particle material is set into vibration and fluidized by rotational and / or translational movements of the vibration generator. A vibration generator is also conceivable, which generates the vibrations via periodic volume changes, that is to say through periodic expansion and contraction. Such a vibration generator can be implemented, for example, as an inflator or also by means of piezoelectric actuators.
    However, as an alternative to this, or in combination with at least one vibration generator introduced into the non-solidified particulate material, the external vibration generator can also be coupled to the building box. The non-solidified particle material in the building box is thus indirectly vibrated and consequently fluidized largely evenly over the entire contents of the building box. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that an oscillating or shaking movement with a suitable frequency is suitable for converting the loose, unconsolidated particle material into a free-flowing and thus loose, fluidized particle material. The relatively simple structural measures can also be implemented inexpensively. It is also possible for the removal device to penetrate the non-solidified fluidized particle material and to contact the at least one component for removal.
    It is also conceivable to design the external vibration generator as a tube or lance through which fluid flows. As a result, the non-solidified particulate material can not only locally due to the mechanical vibrations of the vibrator,
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 but can also be transferred into a fluidized bed by the injected or injected fluid, which can be an advantage for complex geometries.
    According to a further development, it is possible for an adjusting device which can be displaced in the vertical direction, comprising a lifting plate which can be coupled to the adjusting device and is provided with closable discharge openings, to be displaced upwards in the vertical direction, the non-solidified particulate material flowing through the discharge openings of the lifting plate into the building box and from this is caught. The lifting plate can e.g. be designed as a grid. The adjusting device can be arranged on the front and / or lengthways side on the inside of the conversion. The adjusting device can have lever arms on which the lifting plate is arranged. There is also an adjustment device which e.g. is arranged by a lifting device by means of lifting cylinders on the base plate, conceivable to move the lifting plate in the vertical direction up or down.
    The adjustment device can also be used to lower the lifting plate during the manufacturing process. Furthermore, the discharge openings of the lifting plate should be able to be closed at least for the duration of the manufacturing process. In the case of the lifting plate being designed as a grid, it is advantageous if a second grid is arranged adjacent to one another in the axial direction as a grid which can be moved relative to the first grid, as a result of which a locking mechanism of the first grid is formed. In order to make it easier for the removal device to make contact with the at least one component during the unpacking process or the removal thereof, it is advantageous if the discharge openings are opened for this purpose, as a result of which the fluidized, unconsolidated particle material can flow into the construction box.
    Furthermore, it can be expedient if the lifting plate is displaced in the vertical direction at least up to the upper edge of the conversion of the building box and at least the at least one component is picked up and transported away by the removal device above the building box.
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    This ensures that the at least one component can be transported away simply, quickly and safely. In particular, lateral picking up or contacting of the at least one unpacked component and / or the lifting plate is hereby significantly facilitated, which can contribute to an increase in the process speed or the use of automated removal devices.
    In addition, it can be provided that the at least one component remains on the lifting plate after lifting over the upper edge of the building box and is transported away together with the lifting plate by the removal device. The distance between the lifting plate and the upper edge should be at least so large that the underside of the lifting plate is accessible to the removal device.
    Lateral lifting of the lifting plate, but also lifting from above, is significantly simplified. The use of floor conveyors as removal devices is also made easier. The at least one unpacked component can also be transported to an intermediate store with the lifting plate for subsequent process steps, such as cleaning or blowing off the components.
    It can further be provided that after the lifting plate and the at least one component have been removed, another lifting plate is coupled to the displaceable adjusting device.
    This allows the components to be quickly removed, especially if there are several components on the lifting plate. The coupling design of the lifting plate also enables a second lifting plate to be moved to the location of a first, removed lifting plate and to be coupled to the adjusting device. The person skilled in the art recognizes that a significant reduction in the total process time can be achieved here.
    According to a special embodiment, it is possible for a tipping process to take place after the removal of the at least one component, the building box being at an angle of at least 90 ° about a horizontal tilting axis
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 is tilted. As a result of the unpacking process steps described above, essentially within the building box, the collected, unconsolidated particulate material is located in the building box. The tipping process serves to “dump” this non-solidified particulate material into a collecting container.
    The tilting process is a relatively easy to implement process step, which is structurally simple and inexpensive to implement. It can be advantageous if after the tilting process the building box is blown out, suctioned off or a similar cleaning step in order to be able to carry out the next manufacturing process in the building box without hindrance. After the tipping process, the building box is tipped back into the original position and the next manufacturing process can be carried out. It is of secondary importance whether the lifting plate is coupled to the adjustment device during the tilting process or whether at least one component has been removed. In the case of the coupled adjustment device, however, it is advantageous if the lifting plate has been raised at least over the edge of the building box, so that the non-solidified particulate material can flow freely into the collecting container. This also has the advantage that the development of dust or an unintentional lateral flow of the collected, unconsolidated particle material can be reduced. In this case, the lifting plate can act as a filling aid and space limitation, whereby a funnel effect is achieved.
    According to an advantageous development, it can be provided that the tilting process is carried out by means of at least one manipulator device.
    In this case, the manipulator device means machines or machine components that are not connected to the building box and are suitable for transmitting force or torque to the building box. In particular, this includes machines such as stackers or robot devices. The manipulator device can perform multi-axis movements, which enables the building box to be tilted about any axis.
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    The tilt axis can be any spatial axis. The tilt axis preferably lies along and / or transversely to the base plate of the building box. Such a horizontal tilting axis can also run along or parallel to one of the edges of the transformation with the base plate. However, it is also conceivable that the tilting axis runs obliquely and only touches the building box, as a result of which the building box assumes an inclined position when viewed spatially and the non-solidified particle material can flow together in a corner of the building box.
    By tilting the building box around any spatial axis, it can be achieved that the free-flowing, non-solidified particle material can be tilted into the collecting container with reduced dust generation and / or scattering losses. This can increase cleanliness and thus process reliability.
    Furthermore, it can be expedient if the removal device is used as a manipulator device for tilting the building box.
    The use of the above-described removal device as a manipulator device reduces the mechanical outlay and thus offers advantages in terms of cost and time.
    In particular, it can be advantageous if a coupling means is connected to the building box at least temporarily as a manipulator device and the building box is tilted about the tilting axis by movement of the coupling means. The coupling agent can e.g. be formed by one or more chains and / or ropes and / or hooks. The coupling means can be connected to the building box receiving elements which are designed to be complementary in form and / or function to the coupling means. As described above, the coupling means or the manipulator device can also be formed by the removal device, as a result of which a tilting process can be initiated in a simple manner, which is particularly time and cost-efficient.
    It can further be provided that a pressure medium is coupled to the base plate of the building box as a manipulator device and the building box is tilted about the tilting axis.
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    In this embodiment, too, it is conceivable that the vertical and / or transverse force required to tilt the construction box is designed as a manipulator device or pressure means by the removal device. However, the pressure medium can also be a separate unit, e.g. comprise one or more hydraulic cylinders, which can be particularly advantageous with very heavy loads and / or high precision.
    In addition, it can be provided that the tilting process of the building box is carried out at least twice. The building box is at least partially tilted back from the relative end position of the tilting process in the direction of the starting position, that is, not necessarily all the way to the starting position.
    In this way it can be achieved that any non-solidified particulate material adhering to the inner surfaces of the building box is loosened and can flow into the collecting container through the at least second tilting process.
    Also advantageous is a configuration according to which it can be provided that the tilting process is carried out intermittently. The intermittent or jerky tilting of the building box about the tilt axis allows an improved collection of the non-solidified particle material in the interior of the building box, which is arranged at the bottom during the tilting process in the vertical direction.
    According to a further development, it is possible for the vibration transmitter to be coupled to the building box during the tilting process and for the non-solidified particle material to be detached from the building box by applying vibrations.
    The measure described can increase the efficiency of the collection of the unconsolidated particle material in the interior of the building box. The effort for any cleaning of the building box can thus be reduced.
    In the method according to the invention, several components can thus be arranged in the same and / or different horizontal and / or vertical planes within the construction box. The components can also be arranged offset to one another
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 net can be produced using a generative manufacturing process to increase the packing density of the components within the construction box. Furthermore, so-called support and / or holding structures can be formed during the manufacture of the at least one component, which remain essentially within the construction box when the at least one component is removed.
    It has proven to be advantageous if support structures formed with the component during the manufacturing process prevent the components from coming into contact with one another during the fluidization of the non-solidified particle material, and thus prevent possible damage. The support structures specify a relative position of the components to one another in the vertical and / or horizontal direction during the fluidization, but are of such a filigree design that they can be largely detached from the at least one component or simply broken off during removal. In this way, the quality of the components can be increased and the support elements remain in the non-consolidated particle material in the building box, which can be used for reprocessing.
    Analogously, it has proven to be advantageous if, during the manufacturing process, support structures are also formed on the at least one component, which structures separate the at least one component from the lifting plate or the base plate. In this way, any discharge openings for the non-solidified particulate material remain free during the fluidization and / or the at least one component can be more easily accommodated by the removal device. The holding structures can first be manufactured on the base plate or the lifting plate at a height which corresponds at least to the height of the removal device or the gripping device. It can then be advantageous if at least one layer, preferably a few layers, of unconsolidated particle material is applied to the holding structures in the vertical direction in order to form the components to be manufactured separately from the holding structures. In this way, the holding structures can remain in the building box during removal.
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    According to a further embodiment according to the invention, position and / or position detection is carried out by means of a position and / or position detection device before the at least one component is transported away.
    The detection of the spatial position and / or position or orientation of the at least one component can be used before the removal or picking up of the at least one component so that the removal device grips the component precisely, quickly and without damage. If necessary, the recorded information is forwarded to a control and / or display means in order to make it accessible to the operator and / or robot, which can increase safety and quality. The position and / or position detection device can advantageously be arranged such that it can detect the interior of the building box. Such a position and / or position detection device is most simply arranged on the removal device, but a fixed arrangement is also conceivable. It is also conceivable that the position and / or position detection device is designed as an optical measurement device, which enables rapid and efficient detection in the case of components which have already been exposed. However, it is also conceivable for the position and / or position detection device to be designed alternatively or additionally as an X-ray or radar device, as a result of which an exact detection of the at least one component can already take place during the fluidization.
    Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention that the filling degree of the building box is determined after the tilting process by means of a weighing cell or a sensor suitable for determining the degree of filling of the building box.
    The weight weighing cell or the sensor can advantageously be arranged on the underside of the building box. Alternatively, the weight weighing cell or sensor can also be designed as part of the removal device and / or manipulator device and / or of the pressure medium.
    By using a weight weighing cell and / or a sensor that can determine the degree of filling of the building box, it is possible in a simple manner
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    Determine the process success of the tilting process. The weight weighing cell and / or the sensor can be connected to a computer unit, which in turn is connected to the removal and / or manipulator device. The computer unit can check the data determined by the weight weighing cell and / or the sensor and can release or prevent the release of a process step subsequent to the tilting or measuring process. It can thus be efficiently avoided that any non-solidified particulate material adhering to the building box remains in the building box. This can increase process reliability and quality.
    Furthermore, in a special embodiment, the provision of the at least one construction box and / or the at least one lifting plate can be carried out by means of conveyor systems.
    As conveyor systems, for example, are floor-bound conveyor units, with or without their own drive, such as Individual autonomous conveyor shuttles or a conveyor belt chain are conceivable. In addition, paternoster or a bucket elevator as well as a rotatable rotary table can be used as conveyor systems. The conveyor system is intended to ensure that the manufacturing process can be carried out as quickly as possible in a new building box or with a new lifting plate when the building box or lifting plate is possibly removed.
    Further features and expediencies of the method according to the invention result from the description and the exemplary embodiments, and with reference to the figures.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    Each show in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
    1 shows a sectional view of an exemplary arrangement of a building box with components arranged therein, as well as non-solidified particle material surrounding the components and a removal device;
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    2 shows a sectional view of an exemplary arrangement of a building box with a component arranged therein, as well as non-solidified fluidized particle material surrounding the component, and a movable removal device which is temporarily contacted with the component;
    3 shows a sectional view of an embodiment with a vibration generator which fluidizes the non-solidified particle material directly (a) or indirectly (b);
    4 shows a sectional view of an embodiment, the non-solidified particulate material discharging into the building box through a lifting plate;
    5 shows a sectional view of an embodiment, the lifting plate being raised above the upper edge of the construction box (a); or the component with lifting plate is transported away by means of a transport device (b);
    Fig. 6 oblique view of an embodiment, wherein the building box is tilted into a first end position (a) or wherein the lifting plate is coupled to the adjusting device (b);
    Fig. 7 oblique view of an embodiment, wherein the building box is tilted about a longitudinal edge of the building box.
    In the introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, and the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. The location information selected in the description, e.g. above, below, to the side, etc., referring to the figure described and illustrated immediately, and if the position is changed, these are to be applied accordingly to the new position.
    The method according to the invention for unpacking at least one component (2) produced by means of a generative manufacturing process from a particle size
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 material fill made of non-solidified particulate material (3), the non-solidified particulate material (3) together with the at least one component (2) in an opening that is open vertically and through an upper edge (6 ), and downwards through a base plate (4) and laterally delimited by a conversion (5), construction box (1) is based on the fact that the non-solidified particle material (3) is fluidized and the at least one component (2) by means of a removal device (8) is removed from the building box (1), the non-solidified particulate material (3) remaining in the building box (1).
    As can be seen in FIG. 1, at least one component 2, in the example shown three components 2, has been produced within a construction box 1 by means of a generative manufacturing process. As can be clearly seen from FIG. 1, the building box 1 comprises a conversion 5 which is delimited in the vertical direction upwards by an upper edge 6 and in the interior of which the at least one component 2 and non-solidified particle material 3 are accommodated.
    The construction box 1 can have further components, such as an adjusting device 11, a lifting plate 12, or also inlet openings 7, as can be seen in particular in FIGS. 2 to 7. The inlet openings 7 can be closed or designed as a check valve. In addition, the construction box 1 can be rotated or tilted at least about a tilt axis 14 and can be coupled to at least one lifting device 15. Furthermore, the arrangement of a position and / or position detection device (not shown further) is conceivable such that the position and / or position of the at least one component 2 can be detected. In the simplest case, the position and / or position detection device can be arranged on the removal device 8.
    Furthermore, the base plate 4 of the building box 1 can be designed to be displaceable relative to the conversion 5.
    The removal device 8 shown in FIGS. 1-5 and 7 serves to transport the at least one component 2 in the vertical and / or horizontal direction. The removal device 8 can ver for this purpose in the vertical direction
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 slidable or adjustable, as well as rotatable and / or slidable and / or pivotable in the horizontal direction. The removal device 8 is preferably e.g. formed as a gripping device 16 which at least temporarily contacts the at least one component 2 in a positive and / or non-positive manner and transports it away from the building box 1. The receiving of the at least one component 2 can thus be contacted from above, but also laterally or even from below, by means of the removal device 8.
    As shown in FIG. 2, the fluidized particulate material 3 can exert a force 22 on the component surface 21. The at least one component 2 can be moved by the removal device 8, and / or a manipulator device 15, at least partially within the fluidized, unconsolidated particle material 3. This allows the component surface 21 to be cleaned. This movement process can be transferred analogously to FIG. 3.
    As shown in FIG. 2, the fluidization can take place, for example, by blowing and / or pressing a gaseous fluid 9 through at least one inlet opening 7 into the building box 1. It can also be seen from FIG. 2 that the fluid 9 is introduced laterally but also essentially from below into the building box 1 in such a way that it at least partially flows through the non-solidified particle material 3 upwards.
    Another possibility for fluidizing the non-solidified particle material 3 is to introduce vibrations by means of at least one vibration generator 10, as outlined in FIGS. 3a, b. As shown in Fig. 3a, two vibrators 10, e.g. in the form of a vibrating rod, at least partially introduced into the particle material 3 near the at least one component 2 and by means of rotational and / or translational movements and / or changing the volume of the vibration generator 10, the non-solidified particle material 3 is set into vibration and fluidized.
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    A further possibility for fluidization is shown in FIG. 3 b, in which external vibration transmitters 10 are coupled to the building box 1. As in the illustration, it is possible to connect the vibration generator 10 to the base plate 4 and / or the conversion 5 of the building box 1 at least temporarily.
    The illustrated examples for fluidizing non-solidified particle material 3 can be combined individually or with one another in order to make the at least one component 2 accessible to the removal device 8. It is also possible for the removal device 8 to penetrate into the non-solidified particle material 3 and to contact the at least one component 2, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3.
    It is also within the scope of the invention that the at least one component 2 is rotated by means of the removal device 8 about a horizontal axis at least 90 ° before being removed. The recesses 23 in the head of the component 2, which are filled with non-solidified particle material 3 in FIG. 1, can be simply tipped out in this way, as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5. According to the invention, this can be transferred analogously for undercuts and depressions on components 2, which may be filled with non-solidified particulate material 3 as a result of the manufacturing process.
    The components 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 can be spatially arranged within the non-solidified particle material according to the additive manufacturing method and can be spaced apart from one another or from the lifting plate 12 or the base plate 4 by supporting and / or holding structures not shown be trained. These support and / or holding structures can be separated from the component 2 during removal by the removal device 8 and thus essentially remain in the construction box 1.
    4 schematically shows a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, in the case of an adjusting device 11 which can be displaced in the vertical direction, comprising a lifting plate 12 which can be coupled to the adjusting device 11 and is provided with closable outlet openings 13, in the vertical direction rela
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 tiv shifted, the non-solidified particulate material 3 flows through the drain openings 13 of the lifting plate 12 into the building box 1 and is collected by this. The adjusting device 11 shown is designed by means of two lever arms on the long side of the wall 5, but can also be arranged on the front and / or long side on the inside of the wall 5.
    The drain openings 13 schematically indicated in FIG. 4 can be designed as closable openings of the lifting plate 12 which extend continuously in the vertical direction. The drain openings 13 should be able to be closed for at least the duration of the manufacturing process. In order to make it easier for the removal device 8 to make contact with the at least one component 2 during the unpacking process, or rather the removal thereof, it is advantageous if the discharge openings 13 are opened for this purpose in order to allow the fluidized, unconsolidated particle material 3 to flow into the construction box 1. For this, the fluidization can be carried out in the manner described above. The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is particularly advantageous since in many cases a lifting plate 12 that can be lowered or raised can be advantageous due to the manufacturing process.
    5a shows a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the lifting plate 12 being displaced in the vertical direction at least up to the upper edge 6 of the conversion 5 of the construction box 1 and at least one component 2 of the one to facilitate the removal by the removal device 8 Removal device 8 is picked up above the building box 1 and transported away.
    The embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5a allow the above-mentioned position and / or bearing detection of the at least one component to be carried out optically in a very simple manner, which, in addition to cost savings, results above all in terms of process technology.
    Alternatively or in combination with an optical position and / or bearing detection device, however, the position and / or bearing detection of the at least one component 2 can also be carried out by means of X-ray and / or radar radiation
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00. This enables the components 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 to be precisely detected already during the fluidization or prior to the removal, and a reliable gripping of the components 2 can thus be decisively facilitated.
    5b shows a special form of the method in which the at least one component 2 remains on the lifting plate 12 after lifting over the upper edge 6 of the building box 1 and is transported away together with the lifting plate 12 by the removal device 8. At the same time, another, second lifting plate 12 is indicated, which can be coupled to the building box 1 or the adjusting device 11 in place of the first, transported away lifting plate 12.
    As already mentioned, it is advantageous if the building box 1 is rotated and / or tiltable. Thus, after the at least one component 2, and optionally the lifting plate 12, have been transported away from the building box 1, the collected, non-solidified particulate material 3 from the building box 1 can be tilted into a collecting container 18. 6 a, b and 7 b show some exemplary embodiments of the tilting process.
    To carry out the tilting process, the building box 1 is tilted at least by an angle 17 of at least 90 ° about a horizontal tilting axis 14. A collecting container 18 can be arranged to the side and / or below the building box 1, which serves to receive the non-solidified particle material 3 from the building box 1. As indicated in FIG. 6 a, the tilting process of the building box 1 can be carried out by means of a manipulator device 15 in the form of a pressure medium 19. 6a shows that the lifting plate 12 was transported away together with the at least one component 2 and thus the building box 1 is shown without or without a lifting plate 12 before or during the tilting process. The starting position of the building box 1 is indicated as a dashed line.
    Analogously, it is possible for the lifting plate 12 to remain coupled to the adjustment device 11 after the at least one component 2 has been removed. As can be seen particularly well from this illustration, the lifting plate 12 can
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 can be lifted by the adjustment device 11 over the upper edge 6 of the building box 1. Thus, a drainage of the collected, non-solidified particulate material 3 into a collecting container 18 is favored.
    In a similar way, it can be seen from FIG. 7 that the manipulator device 15 can also be designed as a coupling means 20. Analogously to the description of FIGS. 6a and 6b, the same features result with regard to the tilting process.
    The person skilled in the art can see from the examples in FIGS. 6 a, b and 7 and extrapolate that the tilting axis 14 of the building box does not necessarily have to run along and / or parallel to an edge of the building box 1, but rather can be any spatial axis, as a result of which an inclined position the building box 1 becomes adjustable. Analogously, the vertical and / or horizontal forces for tilting the building box 1 can be introduced by a pressure means 19, coupling means 20 or a combination thereof. The at least one coupling means 20 is intended to be complementary in form and / or function to the receiving elements arranged on the construction box 1. An example is shown in FIG. 7, in which the coupling means comprises a rope or a chain for temporary connection via said receiving elements on the building box.
    The removal device 8 shown in FIGS. 1-5 and 7 can in particular also be designed in such a way that the tipping process of the building box 1 can be carried out as a manipulator device 15. Furthermore, the tilting of the building box 1 can take place intermittently or jerkily, and / or repeatedly. For this purpose, a coupling of the building box 1 to the at least one vibration sensor 10 from FIGS. 3a, b is also possible.
    The exemplary embodiments show possible design variants, it being noted at this point that the invention is not restricted to the specially illustrated design variants of the same, but rather also various combinations of the individual design variants with one another are possible and this variation possibility is based on the teaching of technical action
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    N2017 / 35500-AT-00 present invention lies in the ability of the expert working in this technical field.
    The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings are to be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The object on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.
    All information on value ranges in the objective description is to be understood so that it includes any and all sub-areas, e.g. the information 1 to 10 is to be understood so that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, are included, i.e. all sections start with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, elements have sometimes been shown to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.
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    N2017 / 35500 AT-00
    LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
    Baubox
    component
    particulate matter
    baseplate
    walling
    edge
    inlet openings
    removal device
    fluid
    vibrator
    adjustment
    lifting plate
    drain hole
    Verkippachse
    manipulator device
    gripping device
    angle
    receptacle
    lever
    coupling means
    component surface
    force
    recess
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    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Method for unpacking at least one component (2) produced by means of a generative manufacturing method from a bed of particulate material made of non-solidified particle material (3), the non-solidified particle material (3) together with the at least one component (2) in one, in Vertical box opened upwards and arranged by an upper edge (6) and downwards by a base plate (4) and laterally delimited by a wall (5), characterized in that the non-solidified particle material (3 ) is fluidized and the at least one component (2) is transported away from the building box (1) by means of a removal device (8), the non-solidified particulate material (3) remaining in the building box (1).
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before the removal, the at least one component (2) by means of the removal device (8) at least partially within the non-solidified fluidized particle material (3) for cleaning and / or improving the surface quality of the component surface (21) is moved.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before the removal, the at least one component (2) for cleaning by means of the removal device (8) is rotated at least 90 ° about a horizontal axis.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the removal of the at least one component (2) takes place by means of a removal device (8) designed as a gripping device (16).
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    N2017 / 35500 AT-00
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluidization of the non-solidifying particulate material (3) by blowing or pressing in a fluid (9), preferably air, takes place.
    [6]
    6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the fluid (9) at at least one inlet opening (7), preferably from below, is passed into the building box (1).
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fluidization by introducing vibrations by means of at least one vibration generator (10) takes place directly and / or indirectly in the non-solidified particulate material (3).
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a vertically displaceable adjusting device (11), comprising a lifting plate (12) which can be coupled to the adjusting device (11) and is provided with closable outlet openings (13), is displaced upwards in the vertical direction, wherein the non-solidified particulate material (3) flows through the drain openings (13) of the lifting plate (12) into the building box (1) and is collected by the latter.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the lifting plate (12) is displaced in the vertical direction at least up to the upper edge (6) of the conversion (5) of the construction box (1) and at least one component (2) from the removal device ( 8) is picked up above the building box (1) and transported away.
    [10]
    10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one component (2) after lifting over the upper edge (6) of the building box (1) remains on the lifting plate (12) and together with the lifting plate (12) from the removal device (8) is transported away.
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    N2017 / 35500 AT-00
    [11]
    11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that after the removal of the lifting plate (12) and the at least one component (2), another lifting plate (12) is coupled to the displaceable adjusting device (11).
    [12]
    12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that following the removal of the at least one component (2), a tilting process takes place, the building box (1) through an angle (17) of at least 90 ° about a horizontal tilting axis (14 ) is tilted.
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the tilting process is carried out by means of at least one manipulator device (15).
    [14]
    14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the removal device (8) is used as a manipulator device (15) for tilting the building box (1).
    [15]
    15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that as a manipulator device (15) a coupling means (20) with the building box (1) is at least temporarily connected and by moving the coupling means (20) the building box (1) about the tilt axis (14 ) is tilted.
    [16]
    16. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that as a manipulator device (15), a pressure medium (19) is coupled to the base plate (4) of the building box (1) and the building box (1) is tilted about the tilt axis (14).
    [17]
    17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the tilting process of the building box (1) is carried out at least twice.
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    N2017 / 35500 AT-00
    [18]
    18. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the tilting process is carried out intermittently.
    [19]
    19. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the vibration generator (10) is coupled to the building box (1) during the tilting process and the non-solidified particulate material (3) is released from the building box (1) by applying vibrations ,
    [20]
    20. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the removal of the at least one component (2), a position and / or position detection of the at least one component (2) is carried out by means of a position and / or bearing detection device.
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    N2017 / 35500 AT-00

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    Fill Gesellschaft m.b.H.
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    15.20

    Fill Gesellschaft m.b.H.
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    claims
    1. A method for unpacking at least one component (2) produced by means of a generative manufacturing method from a bed of particulate material made of non-consolidated particle material (3), the non-consolidated particle material (3) together with the at least one component (2) in one, in In the vertical direction open upwards and by an upper edge (6), and downwards by a base plate (4) and laterally delimited by a conversion (5), the building box (1) is arranged, the non-solidified particle material (3) is fluidized and the at least one component (2) is transported away from the building box (1) by means of a removal device (8), characterized in that the entire non-solidified particle material (3) remains in the building box (1).
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before the removal, the at least one component (2) by means of the removal device (8) at least partially within the non-solidified fluidized particle material (3) for cleaning and / or improving the surface quality of the component surface (21) is moved.
    3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before the removal, the at least one component (2) for cleaning by means of the removal device (8) is rotated at least 90 ° about a horizontal axis.
    4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the removal of the at least one component (2) takes place by means of a removal device (8) designed as a gripping device (16).
    (LAST CLAIMS)
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    A2018 / 50024 AT-00
    5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluidization of the non-solidifying particulate material (3) by blowing or pressing in a fluid (9), preferably air, takes place.
    6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the fluid (9) at at least one inlet opening (7), preferably from below, is passed into the building box (1).
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fluidization by introducing vibrations by means of at least one vibration generator (10) takes place directly and / or indirectly in the non-solidified particulate material (3).
    8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a vertically displaceable adjusting device (11), comprising a lifting plate (12) which can be coupled to the adjusting device (11) and is provided with closable outlet openings (13), is displaced upwards in the vertical direction, wherein the non-solidified particulate material (3) flows through the drain openings (13) of the lifting plate (12) into the building box (1) and is collected by the latter.
    9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the lifting plate (12) is displaced in the vertical direction at least up to the upper edge (6) of the conversion (5) of the construction box (1) and at least one component (2) from the removal device ( 8) is picked up above the building box (1) and transported away.
    10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one component (2) after lifting over the upper edge (6) of the building box (1) remains on the lifting plate (12) and together with the lifting plate (12) from the removal device ( 8) is transported away.
    [LAST CLAIMS *)
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    A2018 / 50024-AT-0C
    11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that after the removal of the lifting plate (12) and the at least one component (2), another lifting plate (12) is coupled to the displaceable adjusting device (11).
    12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that following the removal of the at least one component (2), a tilting process takes place, the building box (1) through an angle (17) of at least 90 ° about a horizontal tilting axis (14 ) is tilted.
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the tilting process is carried out by means of at least one manipulator device (15).
    14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the removal device (8) is used as a manipulator device (15) for tilting the building box (1).
    15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that as a manipulator device (15) a coupling means (20) with the building box (1) is at least temporarily connected and by moving the coupling means (20) the building box (1) about the tilt axis (14 ) is tilted.
    16. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that a pressure medium (19) mild base plate (4) of the building box (1) is coupled as a manipulator device (15) and the building box (1) is tilted about the tilt axis (14).
    17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the tilting process of the building box (1) is carried out at least twice.
    [LAST CLAIMS]
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    A2018 / 50024-AT-0C
    18. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the tilting process is carried out intermittently.
    19. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the vibration generator (10) is coupled to the building box (1) during the tilting process and the non-solidified particulate material (3) is released from the building box (1) by applying vibrations ,
    20. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the removal of the at least one component (2), a position and / or position detection of the at least one component (2) is carried out by means of a position and / or position detection device.
    (LAST CLAIMS)
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    A2018 / 50024-AT-0C
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3740376A1|2020-11-25|
    EP3740376B1|2022-02-23|
    AT520736B1|2019-07-15|
    WO2019140468A1|2019-07-25|
    CN111655459A|2020-09-11|
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    DE102012106141A1|2012-07-09|2014-01-09|Exone Gmbh|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR UNPACKING A COMPONENT|
    DE19937260B4|1999-08-06|2006-07-27|Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems|Method and device for producing a three-dimensional object|
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    DE102014112446A1|2014-08-29|2016-03-03|Exone Gmbh|Method and device for unpacking a component|
    EP3165303B1|2015-11-06|2018-04-04|SLM Solutions Group AG|Unpacking system for use in an apparatus for producing three-dimensional work pieces|
    DE102016209618A1|2016-06-01|2017-12-07|MTU Aero Engines AG|Method and device for the additive production of at least one component region of a component|
    CN107053669B|2017-01-04|2019-05-07|陕西恒通智能机器有限公司|A kind of high-efficient automatic 3D printing system suitable for batch production|DE102020120779A1|2020-08-06|2022-02-10|Ossberger Gmbh + Co Kg|Funnel-shaped conveying device and a conveying-separating method for a component-particulate material mixture|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50024/2018A|AT520736B1|2018-01-16|2018-01-16|Method for unpacking a 3D printing part|ATA50024/2018A| AT520736B1|2018-01-16|2018-01-16|Method for unpacking a 3D printing part|
    CN201980008767.XA| CN111655459A|2018-01-16|2019-01-08|Method for taking out 3D printing part|
    EP19706853.9A| EP3740376B1|2018-01-16|2019-01-08|Method for unpacking a 3d printed part|
    PCT/AT2019/060005| WO2019140468A1|2018-01-16|2019-01-08|Method for unpacking a 3d printed part|
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